![]() By the start of the 20th century, the Māori population had begun to recover, and efforts have been made, centring on the Treaty of Waitangi, to increase their standing in wider New Zealand society and achieve social justice. Social upheaval and epidemics of introduced disease took a devastating toll on the Māori population, which fell dramatically. After the Treaty was declared a legal nullity in 1877, Māori were forced to assimilate into many aspects of Western culture. Rising tensions over disputed land sales led to conflict in the 1860s, and massive land confiscations, to which Māori responded with fierce resistance. With the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840, the two cultures coexisted for a generation. Initial contact between Māori and Europeans, starting in the 18th century, ranged from beneficial trade to lethal violence Māori actively adopted many technologies from the newcomers. A June 2022 estimate gives the Māori ethnic population of New Zealand as 892,200, or 17.2% of the total population. Some early Māori moved to the Chatham Islands, where their descendants became New Zealand's other indigenous Polynesian ethnic group, the Moriori. ![]() Over several centuries in isolation, these settlers developed their own distinctive culture, whose language, mythology, crafts, and performing arts evolved independently from those of other eastern Polynesian cultures. Māori originated with settlers from East Polynesia, who arrived in New Zealand in several waves of canoe voyages between roughly 13. ![]() Māori ( / ˈ m aʊ r i/, Māori: ( listen)) are the indigenous Polynesian people of mainland New Zealand ( Aotearoa). ![]()
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